Deciphering Thread Counts and Fabric Content

Thread count refers to the number of horizontal and vertical threads in one square inch of fabric.  In sheets, thread count may range from 80 to over 1000.  Generally, the higher the thread count, the softer the fabric, although softness also depends on types of fabric or fabric blends, the fibers, and the finish.  For example, linen, t-shirt knit, and flannel sheets have low thread counts, but can be very soft, especially with repeated washings. 

A higher thread count generally translates to a more expensive sheet, although a higher thread count does not necessarily mean that the sheets will last longer.  A cotton or cotton blend sheet with a thread count between 180 and 200 will generally provide suitable durability and comfort.  Most good quality sheets start at 180 thread count. 

The softness of sheets is highly influenced by the quality of the cotton fibers used to weave the fabric.  A longer fiber (staple) cotton can be "combed" to a very fine fiber, producing excellent strength and a soft, lustrous fabric.  The highest quality cotton is Egyptian cotton with the longest staple.  A lower thread count sheet made of a higher quality cotton fiber can be softer than a higher thread count sheet made of a lower quality or twisted cotton fiber.

The way in which the fabric is woven also affects softness.  Sateen weaves are softer than linen weaves, for example.  As a matter of personal taste, some people prefer the crisp, "starchy" sheets, while others prefer their sheets soft as satin.  As an aside, "satin" also refers to a type of weave, not a specific fabric.  So "satin" may be polyester, acetate, rayon, silk, or a blend.  Polyester satin sheets and comforters are washable, affordable, easy care items.  But some people prefer the luxury of bridal satin comforters, which are richer and smoother (and more expensive!)